Exercise 1833Number theory › PrimesOlympiadAdded 3 Nov 2026
Primes of the form $4n+1$
#Dirichlet#arithmetic progression#primes
Statement
Show that there are infinitely many primes of the form (using a Euclid-style argument).
Hint
If are all primes , consider .
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Solution
Setup. Suppose finitely many primes . Let .
Mod 4. . Any odd prime divisor of has , so is a QR mod . By Euler's criterion, this forces .
Contradiction. But must be one of the , and would give , contradiction.
Conclusion. Infinitely many primes .