Exercise 1332Number theory › PrimesOlympiadAdded 5 Nov 2026
Infinitely many primes ≡ 1 (mod 4)
#infinitely many primes#order#Euclid's argument
Statement
Prove that there are infinitely many primes .
Hint
Take a prime divisor of . What is the order of modulo ?
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Solution
Construction. For let and let be any prime divisor of .
. If , then , so , contradicting .
is odd. For , is even, so is odd.
The order of modulo . We have ( odd), and . So the order of is exactly . By Fermat's little theorem , hence , i.e. .
Conclusion. For every there is a prime with . So there are infinitely many.
Check. : , and . : is prime.
Lesson. If , then has order and .