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Exercise 873Combinatorics › Counting principlesOlympiadAdded 3 Nov 2026

A bijective proof

#bijection#combinatorial proof#identity

Statement

Show that (nk)=(nn−k)\binom{n}{k}=\binom{n}{n-k} using a bijection.

Hint

Map each kk-subset to its complement.

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Solution

Bijection. Map S⊆{1,…,n}S\subseteq\{1,\ldots,n\} with ∣S∣=k|S|=k to Sˉ\bar S, its complement, of size n−kn-k.

Injective/surjective. The complement map is its own inverse, hence bijective.

Conclusion. ∣{|\{k-subsets}∣=∣{\}|=|\{(n-k)-subsets}∣\}|, i.e. (nk)=(nn−k)\binom{n}{k}=\binom{n}{n-k}.