Sketching x³/(x² − 1)
Statement
Study and sketch : domain, parity, asymptotes and position, variations, convexity.
Hint
Divide: . For , you should find a factor in the numerator.
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Solution
Domain and parity. is defined on and is odd: we study and use the symmetry about the origin.
Asymptotes. are vertical asymptotes. Since at , the line is an oblique asymptote. The curve lies above it for and below it for (the sign of is positive for and negative for ).
First derivative.
So on and , for , and .
Variations on . decreases from to on (since as ), then decreases from (as ) to the local minimum on , and then increases to , approaching the asymptote. By oddness there is a local maximum .
Second derivative. . It changes sign at (and at the poles ): the origin is an inflection point where the tangent is horizontal (), and the curve crosses it ( near ).
Remark. The origin is a *stationary inflection point*: but is not an extremum, since on both sides of (it does not change sign there).